This article is about Annular Chamber Air Tightness Test Procedure, annular type combustion chamber, disadvantages of annular combustion chamber, reverse flow annular combustion chamber, can type combustion chamber and difference between annular & can-annular combustion chamber.
What is Annular Chamber?
An annular chamber refers to a circular or ring-shaped chamber that is typically used in various industrial processes and systems. It is designed with a concentric or eccentric arrangement, creating an annular space between two surfaces.
This chamber allows for the controlled flow of fluids, gases, or other substances through the annular region. Annular chambers are commonly used in applications such as heat exchangers, reactors, distillation columns, and other process equipment where the separation, mixing, or transfer of substances is required.
The specific design and dimensions of an annular chamber depend on the intended application and process requirements.
This article describes the Air tightness test procedure for annular chamber manufactured in accordance with project specification for Refinery and Plants Projects.
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2. Applicable Document
Project specification: S-120-1351-203
Mechanical Data sheet Adsorbent Towers.(J12-C-0201A/B)
3. GENERAL
3.1 Test Equipment and materials
1) Pressure indicating gauge.
2) Standard dead weight tester.
3) Soap- suds.
3.2 Pressure Gauges
3.2.1 Type and number of gauges.
Dial indicating pressure gauges shall be connected directly to the each nozzle which was
connected with internal chamber.
3.2.2 Calibration of gauges
All gauges shall be calibrated against a standard dead-weight tester or a calibrated master
gauge at least every 6 months or at any time there is reason to believe that they are in error.
4. AIR TIGHTENING TEST PROCEDURE FOR ANNULAR CHAMBER
This Air tightness test procedure is used for tower and vessels in plants and refineries. Test method for one annular chamber, to be performed for adsorbent beds 1 to 11 of Adsorbent Towers (J12-C-0201A/B).
4.1 Before the test
1) Install a blind with pressure gauge (Calibrated precision gauges, range :0~5barG, precision 0.1barG) on one of the SF nozzles of the annular chamber.
2) Install a blind with pressure gauge(Calibrated precision gauges, range :0~5barG, precision 0.1 barG) on one of the Ex/Ra nozzles of the annular chamber.
3) Make sure that all other SF and Ex/Ra nozzles(internal and external) are properly blinded.
4) All nozzles are taped for leakage checking with soap water during the test.
4.2 Test procedure
1) Pressurize slowly the Ex/Ra annular chamber with instrument air to a pressure of 2.5 BarG.
2) Pressurize slowly the S/F annular chamber with instrument air to a pressure of 1.5 BarG.
3) Checking all the Ex/Ra nozzles with soap water, to make sure there no leaks.
4) Checking all the S/F nozzles with soap water, to make sure there no leaks.
5) After a 1 hour hold period, Record the Ex/Ra and S/F pressures.
At this stage, the test is consider as satisfactory when :
a) Pressure loss of the Ex/Ra chamber is less than 0.1 BarG.
b) Pressure loss of the S/F chamber is less than 0.1 BarG.
5. TEST SEQUENCE FOR ANNULAR CHAMBER
Air tightness test for annular chamber shall be conducted in accordance with below sequence
Step 1. Temporary plate for central annular chamber will be welded before PWHT as below
Step 2. PWHT for Adsorbent Tower
Step 3. Hydrostatic test for Adsorbent Tower
Step 4. Blasting whole inside of vessel & Annular chamber cover and spray VpCI 5365D.
Step 5. Welding for central annular chamber cover and spray.
Step 6. Air tightness test for central annular chamber
Step 7. Removed temporary plate after air tightness test (MT for all the removed area of temporary plate)
Step 8. Welding for cover of upper and lower annular chamber.
Step 9. Air tightness test for whole annular chamber
6. RECORD
After completion of the air tightness test, the record shall be prepared and submit to AXENS.
Find here under on the picture of test report the detailed welding location to be tested and reported
respectively for Step 5 and Step 9.
Attachment: #1. Test report for central annular chamber
Attachment: #2. Test report for upper and lower annular chamber
Read Also: Repair Procedure for Adsorbent Tower Annular Chamber Weld Pinhole
FAQs about Annular Chamber
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What are disadvantages of annular combustion chamber?
Annular combustion chambers have some disadvantages including increased complexity, higher cost, increased weight, combustion stability challenges, and limited scalability.
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What is reverse flow annular combustion chamber?
A reverse flow annular combustion chamber is a type of combustion chamber design commonly used in gas turbine engines. In this design, the air and fuel flow in the opposite direction compared to a traditional annular combustion chamber. This configuration allows for improved fuel-air mixing, better combustion efficiency, and reduced emissions. It also helps to maintain a more uniform temperature distribution within the combustion chamber, leading to better engine performance and durability. The reverse flow annular combustion chamber is widely utilized in modern gas turbine engines for its superior combustion characteristics.
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What is can type combustion chamber?
A can-type combustion chamber is a type of combustion chamber design used in certain gas turbine engines. In this design, the combustion chamber consists of individual combustion cans or chambers arranged in a circular or annular pattern around the engine’s central axis. Each combustion can contains its own fuel injector, igniter, and combustion liner. The combustion process takes place within these individual cans.
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What is difference between annular u0026amp; can-annular combustion chamber?
The main difference between an annular combustion chamber and a can-annular combustion chamber lies in their design and configuration. In an annular combustion chamber, combustion occurs in a continuous circular chamber surrounding the central axis of the engine. u003cbru003eu003cbru003eOn the other hand, a can-annular combustion chamber consists of multiple individual combustion cans arranged in a circular pattern, each with its own fuel injector and combustion liner. Can-annular chambers offer improved flame stability, better control over combustion parameters, and easier maintenance compared to annular chambers. The choice between the two depends on specific engine design requirements and performance objectives.