This article is about Drainage System Layout Installation and Technical Requirements in commercial buildings, plants and refinery projects related to Plumbing Engineering System as per international codes and standards.
Drainage System Layout Installation and Technical Requirements
- The following piping material shall be used for Building Drainage Systems.
– Schedule 40 PVC DWV
– copper with DWV fittings,
– Cast iron with DWV fittings, “ - Fittings used with plastic pipe shall be of the material and weight to match the pipe.
Note: CPVC DWV fittings may be used with PVC DWV pipe” - Changes in direction of drainage piping shall be made by the appropriate use of fittings and shall be of the angles presented by a one-sixteenth (1/16) bend, one-eight (1/8) bend, or one sixth (1/6) bend, or other approved (acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction) fittings of equivalent sweep (UPC Para 706.1)
- Horizontal drainage lines, connecting with a vertical stack, shall enter through forty five (45) degree wye branches, sixty (60) degree wye branches, combination wye and 1/8 bend branches, sanitary tee or sanitary tapped tee branches, or other approved( fittings of equivalent sweep. (UPC 706.2)
- Horizontal drainage lines connecting with other horizontal drainage lines shall enter through forty five (45) degree wye branches, combination wye and one-eighth (1/8) bend branches or other approved (acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction)fittings of equivalent sweep. (UPC Para 706.3).
- Vertical drainage lines connecting with the horizontal drainage lines shall enter through forty five (45) degree wye branches, combination wye and one-eighth (1/8) bend branches, or other approved (acceptable to the Authority Having Jurisdiction) fittings of equivalent sweep. Sixty (60) degree branches or offsets may be used only when installed in a true vertical position (UPC Para 706.4)
- Clean out shall be designed to be gas and watertight. (UPC Para 707.3).
- Each horizontal drainage pipe shall be provided with a cleanout at its upper terminal and each run of piping, which is more than one hundred (100) feet, or fraction thereof, in length of such piping (UPC Para 707.4).
Exception:
1-Cleanouts may be omitted on a horizontal drain line less than five (5) feet in length unless such line is serving sinks or urinals.
2-Cleanouts may be omitted on any horizontal drainage pipe installed on a slope of seventy two (72) degrees or less from the vertical angle (angle of one-fifth bend)
3- Excepting the building drain and its horizontal branches, a cleanout shall not be required on any pipe or piping which is above the floor level of the lowest floor of the building” - Each cleanout shall be installed so that it opens to allow cleaning in the direction of flow of the soil or waste or at the right angles thereto and, except in the case of wye branch and end of line cleanouts, shall be installed vertically above the flow line of the pipe. (UPC Para 707.6)
- Each cleanout extension shall be considered as a drainage piping and each ninety degree cleanout extension shall be extended from a wye type fitting or other approved fitting with equivalent sweep (UPC Para 707.7).
- An additional cleanout shall be provided in a drainage line for each aggregate horizontal change of direction exceeding 135°.
- Each cleanout unless installed under an approved cover plate shall be above grade, readily accessible and so located as to serve the purpose for which it is intended.
- Horizontal drainage piping shall be run in uniform slope of 2 percent (UPC Para 707.3).
- Voids around piping passing through concrete floor shall be sealed (UPC Para 313.1).
- No 90 degree bend shall be more than 50′ (15.2 meter) from the clean out provided for it.
- No piping shall be embedded in concrete or masonry (UPC Para 313.2)
- Each plumbing fixture trap shall be protected against siphonage and back-pressure and air-circulation shall be assured throughout all parts of the drainage system by means of vent pipes.
- Drainage piping serving fixtures that are located below the crown level of the main sewer shall discharge into an approved watertight sump or receiving tank, so located to receive the sewage or waste by gravity.
International Codes and Standard References for Drainage System Layout
1-SAES-S-060 – Saudi Aramco Plumbing Code.
2-Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC).
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